Before having a PSA test to test for prostate cancer, men shouldn't have ejaculated during the previous 48 hours.
Semen released during sexual activity can cause prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to rise temporarily, which may affect the test results.
For the same reason, before having a PSA test men shouldn't have:
exercised vigorously in the previous 48 hours
an active urinary infection (PSA may remain raised for many months)
had a prostate biopsy in the previous 6 weeks
What is PSA?
PSA is a protein made by a man's prostate gland (a small gland in the pelvis between the penis and bladder).
What are PSA tests?
PSA tests are used to measure the level of PSA in a man's blood. A raised level of PSA can be a sign of a prostate condition, such as:
- enlarged prostate
- infection or inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis)
- prostate cancer
- digital rectal examinations (DRE)
You may also be offered a DRE, another way to diagnose problems with your prostate gland.
During the DRE the doctor will insert their finger into your anus to check for any abnormalities on the prostate gland.
Prostate biopsy
A prostate biopsy, where a tissue sample is taken from the prostate for analysis, can also increase your PSA levels.
Your PSA test should therefore be carried out either:
- before the surgery
- at least 6 weeks afterwards.
